THE EFFECT OF WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND COLLABORATION ON INCOME GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM THE WOMEN’S BUSINESS ASSOCIATION IN KADUNA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE

Abstract

This study examined the effect of women’s empowerment and collaboration on income growth among members of the Women’s Business Association in Kaduna North Local Government Area, Kaduna State. The study is anchored on theCollective Action Theory by an American economist and a political scientist (Mancur Olson, 1965).Using a descriptive survey research design, structured questionnaires were administered to 178 members of the association, out of which 165 valid responses were analysed. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyse the data. The findings revealed that both women’s empowerment and collaboration have positive and statistically significant effects on income growth. Women’s empowerment, measured through access to skills training, financial knowledge, and decision-making autonomy, significantly enhanced business productivity and earnings. Collaboration, reflected in joint business activities, cooperative purchasing, and shared resources, also contributed meaningfully to income growth. The regression results showed that empowerment and collaboration jointly explained a substantial proportion of the variation in income growth among the respondents. The study recommended that there is need for strengthening empowerment programmes and promoting collaborative business practices because they are critical in improving women’s income and fostering local economic development. 

Keywords: Women’s Empowerment, Collaboration, Income Growth, Women Entrepreneurs

DOI: www.doi.org/10.36349/fujpam.2026.v5i01.017

Download the article:

author/Habibu Musa PhD, Danraka Nuhu Dari & Ainau AHMAD

journal/FUJPAM Vol. 5, No. 1